rates of water loss and uptake in recalcitrant fruits of quercus species are determined by pericarp anatomy的失水率和吸收的顽固的水果quercus物种是由果皮结构决定的.pdfVIP

Rates of Water Loss and Uptake in Recalcitrant Fruits of Quercus Species Are Determined by Pericarp Anatomy 1,2 3,4 4 1,5 2,4 Ke Xia , Matthew I. Daws , Wolfgang Stuppy , Zhe-Kun Zhou *, Hugh W. Pritchard * 1 Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China, 2 Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China, 3 Alcoa of Australia Ltd, Pinjarra, Western Australia, Australia, 4 Seed Conservation Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, United Kingdom, 5 Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China Abstract Desiccation-sensitive recalcitrant seeds and fruits are killed by the loss of even moderate quantities of water. Consequently, minimizing the rate of water loss may be an important ecological factor and evolutionary driver by reducing the risk of mortality during post-dispersal dry-spells. For recalcitrant fruits of a range of Quercus species, prolonged drying times have been observed previously. However, the underlying mechanism(s) for this variation is unknown. Using nine Quercus species we investigated the major route(s) of water flow into and out of the fruits and analysed the relative importance of the different pericarp components and their anatomy on water uptake/loss. During imbibition (rehydration), the surface area of the cupule scar and the frequency and area of the vascular bundles contained therein were significantly correlated with the rates of water uptake across the scar. The vascular bundles serving the apex of the fruit were a minor contributor to overall water. Furth