screening for hiv-associated tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance before antiretroviral therapy using the xpert mtbrif assay a prospective study筛查艾滋病结核病和耐利福平在抗逆转录病毒治疗之前使用爱视宝mtbrif化验一个前瞻性研究.pdfVIP

Screening for HIV-Associated Tuberculosis and Rifampicin Resistance before Antiretroviral Therapy Using the Xpert MTB/RIF Assay: A Prospective Study 1,2 1 1,2 3,4 3,4 Stephen D. Lawn *, Sophie V. Brooks , Katharina Kranzer , Mark P. Nicol , Andrew Whitelaw , 1 1 1,5 Monica Vogt , Linda-Gail Bekker , Robin Wood 1The Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Institute for Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 2 Clinical Research Unit, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom, 3 Division of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 4 National Health Laboratory Service, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa, 5 Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence in Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa Abstract Background: The World Health Organization has endorsed the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for investigation of patients suspected of having tuberculosis (TB). However, its utility for routine TB screening and detection of rifampicin resistance among HIV- infected patients with advanced immunodeficiency enrolling in antiretroviral therapy (ART) services is unknown. Methods and Findings: Consecutive adult HIV-infected patients with no current TB diagnosis enrolling in an ART clinic in a South African township were recruited regardless of symptoms. They were clinically characterised and invited to provide two sputum samples a