原创力文档sensing the underground – ultrastructure and function of sensory organs in root-feeding melolontha melolontha (coleoptera scarabaeinae) larvae传感地下u2014u2014感觉器官的超微结构与功能在root-feeding melolontha melolontha(鞘翅目scarabaeinae)幼虫.pdfVIP
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sensing the underground – ultrastructure and function of sensory organs in root-feeding melolontha melolontha (coleoptera scarabaeinae) larvae传感地下u2014u2014感觉器官的超微结构与功能在root-feeding melolontha melolontha(鞘翅目scarabaeinae)幼虫
Sensing the Underground – Ultrastructure and Function
of Sensory Organs in Root-Feeding Melolontha
melolontha (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae) Larvae
1,2 . 2. 2 1 2¤
Elisabeth J. Eilers * , Giovanni Talarico , Bill S. Hansson , Monika Hilker , Andreas Reinecke
¨
1 Freie Universitat Berlin, Department of Applied Zoology/Animal Ecology, Berlin, Germany, 2 Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology, Department of Evolutionary
Neuroethology, Jena, Germany
Abstract
Introduction: Below ground orientation in insects relies mainly on olfaction and taste. The economic impact of plant root
feeding scarab beetle larvae gave rise to numerous phylogenetic and ecological studies. Detailed knowledge of the sensory
capacities of these larvae is nevertheless lacking. Here, we present an atlas of the sensory organs on larval head appendages
of Melolontha melolontha. Our ultrastructural and electrophysiological investigations allow annotation of functions to
various sensory structures.
Results: Three out of 17 ascertained sensillum types have olfactory, and 7 gustatory function. These sensillum types are
unevenly distributed between antennae and palps. The most prominent chemosensory organs are antennal pore plates that
in total are innervated by approximately one thousand olfactory sensory neurons grouped into functional units of three-to-
four. In contrast, only two olfactory sensory neurons innervate one sensillum basiconicum on each of the palps. Gustatory
sensilla chaetica dominate the apices of all head appendages, while only the palps bear thermo-/hygroreceptors.
Electrophysiological responses to CO2, an attractant for many root feeders, are exclusively observed i
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