sex chromosome mosaicism and hybrid speciation among tiger swallowtail butterflies性染色体镶嵌性和混合物种形成中虎凤蝶.pdfVIP

Sex Chromosome Mosaicism and Hybrid Speciation among Tiger Swallowtail Butterflies 1,2 2 3 4 1 Krushnamegh Kunte *, Cristina Shea , Matthew L. Aardema , J. Mark Scriber , Thomas E. Juenger , 1 2 Lawrence E. Gilbert , Marcus R. Kronforst * 1 Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas, United States of America, 2 FAS Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 3 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America, 4 Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America Abstract Hybrid speciation, or the formation of a daughter species due to interbreeding between two parental species, is a potentially important means of diversification, because it generates new forms from existing variation. However, factors responsible for the origin and maintenance of hybrid species are largely unknown. Here we show that the North American butterfly Papilio appalachiensis is a hybrid species, with genomic admixture from Papilio glaucus and Papilio canadensis. Papilio appalachiensis has a mosaic phenotype, which is hypothesized to be the result of combining sex-linked traits from P. glaucus and P. canadensis. We show that P. appalachiensis’ Z-linked genes associated with a cooler thermal habitat were inherited from P. canadensis, whereas its W-linked mimicry and mitochondrial DNA were inherited from P. glaucus. Furthermore, genome-wide AFLP markers showed nearly equal