shifting baselines, local impacts, and global change on coral reefs将基线,当地的影响,全球变化对珊瑚礁.pdfVIP

Essay Shifting Baselines, Local Impacts, and Global Change on Coral Reefs [ [ Nancy Knowlton *, Jeremy B. C. Jackson magine trying to understand the Box 1. Pressing Questions human-dominated and collapsed reefs ecology of tropical rainforests by Regarding the Importance of than between human-dominated and Istudying environmental changes Local Management to Conserve quasi-pristine reefs. Even the classic and interactions among the surviving Coral Reefs in the Context of studies of Caribbean reefs that began in plants and animals on a vast cattle Global Change the 1950s were based on reefs that had ranch in the center of a deforested very high coral cover but were severely Amazon, without any basic data on how 1. To what extent do overfishing and overfished, and the first systematic the forest worked before it was cleared eutrophication increase the surveys of subtidal Australian reefs and burned. The soil would be baked vulnerability of reef corals to in the late 1960s began after a severe dry or eroded away and the amount bleaching, disease, and acidification outbreak of the crown-of-thorns starfish of rainfall would be greatly decreased. caused by global climate change; and, Acanthaster planci had devastated coral Most of the fantastic biodiversity conversely, does protection from these populations along much of the Great would be gone. The trees would