short-term antibiotic treatment has differing long-term impacts on the human throat and gut microbiome短期长期抗生素治疗有不同的对人类喉咙和肠道微生物的影响.pdfVIP

Short-Term Antibiotic Treatment Has Differing Long- Term Impacts on the Human Throat and Gut Microbiome 1,2 1 1,3 ¨ 1 Hedvig E. Jakobsson , Cecilia Jernberg , Anders F. Andersson , Maria Sjolund-Karlsson , Janet K. Jansson4,5, Lars Engstrand1,2* 1 Department of Bacteriology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Solna, Sweden, 2 Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden, 3 Limnology/Department of Ecology and Evolution, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, 4 Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, 5 Ecology Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America Abstract Antibiotic administration is the standard treatment for the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, the main causative agent of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. However, the long-term consequences of this treatment on the human indigenous microbiota are relatively unexplored. Here we studied short- and long-term effects of clarithromycin and metronidazole treatment, a commonly used therapy regimen against H. pylori, on the indigenous microbiota in the throat and in the lower intestine. The bacterial compositions in samples collected over a four-year period were monitored by analyzing the 16S rRNA gene using 454-based pyrosequencing and terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). While the microbial communities of untreated control subjects were relatively stable over time, dramatic shifts were observed one week after antibiotic treatment with reduced bacterial diversity in all treated