第08章 主要组织相鹊妮性复合体及其编码的分子.ppt

第8章 主要组织相容性复合体及其编码分子;概述（introduction);1.组织相容性抗原;2.MHC ;3.哺乳动物都拥有MHC 人类MHC称HLA(Dausset) (human leukocyte antigen,HLA) 小鼠为H-2系统 ;4.MHC在免疫应答中的作用;5.主要组织相容性复合体及其编码分子的表述方式;§1.MHC结构及其多基因特性;MHC的编码产物： 经典的MHC基因：编码的MHC-I和MHC-II类分子具有抗原提呈功能，使T细胞激活，启动适应性免疫应答。 免疫功能相关基因：编码产物主要参与固有性免疫应答的调控。 ;;一、MHC基因结构;HLA复合体基因简图 ; RING DP DM LMP2 LMP7 DQ DR;224个基因座,128功能基因; 二、The basic structure of MHC molecules;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;1.HLA-I类分子;;Figure 2? Most variability in amino acids at different positions along the alpha chain of class I MHC molecules occurs in the alpha 1 and alpha 2 regions. The greatest polymorphism is found for amino acids that line the wall and floor of the groove that binds the peptides;HLA Ⅰ类分子结构;分布特点：;HLA-Ⅰ分子功能;肽结合区;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;2、HLA Ⅱ类分子;分布特点：; Class II MHC;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.; 肽结合区;The greatest polymorphism for the beta chain of class II MHC molecules is found for those amino acids in the beta I region that line the wall and floor of the groove that binds the peptide ;HLA-Ⅱ分子功能;α2;HLA组织分布与功能;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;(一)血清补体成分编码基因;(二)抗原加工提呈相关基因;内源抗原;α2;(三)非经典类Ⅰ基因;(4)炎症相关基因;§2.MHC的多态性(polymorphism);一、MHC的多态性;二、单元型（haplotype）;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;二倍体（diploid）;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;三、共显性表达(codominance);四、连锁不平衡