木材保护与改性woodcolor修改02.pptVIP

Chapter 5 The discoloration, bleaching and dyeing of wood;5.1 Wood color;Color of different species;5.2 The discoloration of wood; The discoloration from microorganisms: 真菌、细菌等微生物引起。如：马尾松、橡胶木蓝变、杨树湿心材等。 The discoloration from contacting chemicals 酶、酸、碱、金属离子（Fe 2+）、氧化剂、还原剂等 The discoloration from physical factors: 木材干燥、蒸煮、汽蒸处理中抽提物或半纤维素，木素等在高温、高湿下变色 The discoloration from physiological responses： 木材在生长过程中受环境因子或自然与人为灾害时，发生保护性反应而引起。如落叶松：树干阳面和粗枝向下一侧木材比相对面色深 The discoloration from the management of the forest: 因营林抚育描施不当引起。 ;5.3 Preventing of wood from discoloration ;The nutrition of microorganisms;Main mould and stain resistant chemicals : chlorophenasic acid(五氯苯酚), sodium pentachlorophenate(五氯酚钠), Bis(tributyltin)oxide(三丁基氧化锡), oxine-copper (8-羟基喹啉铜), copper naphthenate(环烷酸铜), borate and borax(硼酸硼砂类), IPBC(3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯)、thiazole-ketones（异噻唑啉酮类）, chlorothalonil（百菌清），DDAC(烷基铵化合物) and so on。;5.3.2 Discoloration from physical factors;(a) Reasons for the discoloration from heat;;(b) Methods to prevent the discoloration from heating ; Types: ultraviolet radiation(紫外光)and visible light(可见光) Depth permeating into wood : ultraviolet radiation, less than 75um; visible light: less than 200um. Therefore, the discoloration from light is thought to be a superficial discoloration. When irradiating 75 species by light, the following phenomena can be discovered: Discoloration from ultraviolet radiation accounts for 62 percent, from visible light 28 percent and from other reasons 12 percent. As can be seen, the color of some species becomes darker when irradiating by light, while others becomes lighter. The former phenomena is caused by ultraviolet radiation and the latter is formed from visible light.; The main groups(主要官能团) for the discoloration from light are carbonyl(羰基)and hydroxy(主要是酚羟基).;Mechanical methods—lacquer(色漆或清漆) chemical methods— Absorbent for ultraviolet radiation：水杨酸衍生物、2-羟基苯甲酰衍生物； Change of the groups Containing chromophor