吸氧排氮对家兔氮排出量及减压气泡形成影响.docVIP

吸氧排氮对家兔氮排出量及减压气泡形成影响 　 作者：吴燕红,孙喜庆,王永春,张舒,倪鹤鹦,全海曦 【关键词】 吸氧排氮 　　Nitrogen output and bubbles formation during decompression after denitrogenation in rabbits 　　【Abstract】AIM: To analyse quantitatively the efficiency of nitrogen elimination at different denitrogenation time. METHODS: Twentyfour rabbits were randomly divided into control group, denitrogenation 30, 60 and 120 min groups. The rabbits were anesthetized and ventilated by mechanical ventilator. After 0, 30, 60 and 120 min of denitrogenation, the rabbits were exposed to 11000 m for 30 min. The nitrogen output was analysed by chromatography and the gas bubbles generated in the body of rabbits were monitored by Doppler ultrasound method. RESULTS: The nitrogen concentration and nitrogen output decreased sharply (approximately 93%) in the first 5 min of denitrogenation, then decreased gradually with the prolonged denitrogenation time. Accumulative number of bubbles decreased with the elapse of denitrogenation time. Accumulative number of bubbles was negatively correlated with denitrogenation time (Plt;0.01). As compared with the control group, accumulative number of bubbles decreased significantly in denitrogenation 60 and 120 min groups. CONCLUSION: The nitrogen output decreases sharply at first and then gradually. Denitrogenation for 60 and 120 min may reduce gas babbles during decompression in rabbits. 　　【Keywords】 denitrogenation; nitrogen output; decompression; gas bubble formation; rabbits 　　【摘要】 目的： 定量分析不同吸氧排氮方案时家兔的吸氧排氮效率，为制定我国航天员出舱活动吸氧排氮方案提供理论依据. 方法： 24只家兔随机分为对照组、吸氧排氮30, 60和120 min组4组. 麻醉后行机械通气，分别吸氧排氮0, 30, 60和120 min，收集呼出气,定量分析不同吸氧排氮时间的氮排出量，并用超声多普勒检测低压舱上升至11 000米停留30 min的气泡产生情况. 结果： 在吸氧排氮的前5 min，呼出气氮体积分数和氮排出量降低幅度最大（约93%），之后随着吸氧排氮时间的延长逐渐缓慢降低；累积气泡数随着吸氧排氮时间的延长而减少，吸氧排氮60和120 min组家兔累积气泡数较对照组显著减少（Plt;0.01），累积气泡数与吸氧排氮时间呈负相关（r＝-0.63, Plt;0.01）. 结论： 吸氧排氮过程的特点为先快后慢，吸氧排氮60和120 min可显著减少高空减压时气泡的产生. 　　【关键词】 吸氧排氮；氮排出量；减压；气泡形成；兔 　　0引言 　　当前航天减压病已经成为威胁航天员生命安全的潜在危险因子［1］，除提高飞行器座舱和航天服的压力外，低压暴露前预先在地面吸氧以增加排氮量是目前有效的预防措施［2］，并为各航天大