脑益康对阿尔茨海默病大鼠中枢胆碱能系统酶影响.doc

脑益康对阿尔茨海默病大鼠中枢胆碱能系统酶影响 　 作者：耿劲松，周爱玲，胡亚娥，朱燕，茅家慧，施海燕 【摘要】 　　目的观察中药复方脑益康对阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease, AD）大鼠中枢胆碱能系统的保护作用。方法采用脑立体定位仪自双侧基底前脑Meynert核（nucleus basalis of Meynert, NBM）注射鹅膏蕈氨酸（Ibotenic acid, IBO）建立AD大鼠模型，分别给予不同剂量脑益康对AD大鼠进行治疗，测定不同组实验大鼠脑组织乙酰胆碱酯酶（acetylcholinesterase, AChE）、丁酰胆碱酯酶（butyrocholinesterase, BuChE）活性及胆碱乙酰转移酶（choline acetyltransferase, ChAT）在基底前脑的表达。结果脑益康能抑制脑组织AChE和BuChE的活性；改善基底前脑ChAT阳性神经细胞形态并增加其数量。结论脑益康通过促进ChAT表达，增加乙酰胆碱（acetylcholine, ACh）的合成；通过降低脑组织AChE和BuChE的活性，抑制ACh分解；从而增加脑内ACh含量，改善AD大鼠的学习、记忆障碍。 【关键词】 脑益康；阿尔茨海默病；乙酰胆碱酯酶；丁酰胆碱酯酶；胆碱乙酰转移酶 　　Abstract：ObjectiveTo observe the protective effects of Nao Yikang (NYK) on central cholinergic system in rats with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). MethodsBilateral infusions of Ibotenic acid (IBO) into nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) using stereotaxic apparatus was adopted to establish the rat model of AD. NYK at different dosage has been administered to AD rats. The activities of brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrocholinesterase (BuChE) as well as the morphology of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive cells in the basal forebrain were detected.ResultsNYK could inhibit the activities of AChE and BuChE, improve the morphology and increase the number of ChAT-positive cells as well.ConclusionNYK may be able to increase the synthesis of acetylcholine (ACh) through elevating the expression of ChAT, inhibit the degradation of ACh by inhibiting the activities of AChE and BuChE, thus elevating the level of ACh in rats’ brain and improve the ability of learning and memory. 　　Key words：Nao Yikang; Alzheimer’s disease; Acetylcholinesterase; Butyrocholinesterase; Choline acetyltransferase 阿尔茨海默病（AD）是发生在老年前期或老年期，与年龄相关的神经系统退行性疾病。AD的发病机制极其复杂，病因学尚不清楚，且无特效治疗或逆转疾病进展的药物，其病理生理机制及防治研究是近年来神经科学领域的研究热点之一。 祖国传统中医药理论对AD有独到的认识，认为AD属中医学“呆证”“善忘”等病的范畴。中药复方脑益康由制首乌、知母、石菖蒲等组成。制首乌是祖国医学中一种古老的用于延年益寿、益脑调心的药物；中药知母能显著上调脑M1-毒蕈碱型乙酰胆碱受体密度，且上调的幅度和改善记忆之间存在明显的正相关［1］；石菖蒲有改善记忆、扩张血管、降压等作用。脑益康有效成分多，药理作用广泛，可以多层次、多靶点地发挥治疗作用。本实验采用自大鼠双侧基底前脑Meynet核（NBM）注射鹅膏蕈