actin-dependent activation of serum response factor in t cells by the viral oncoprotein tipactin-dependent激活病毒血清t细胞的反应因素的癌蛋白小费.pdfVIP

Katsch et al. Cell Communication and Signaling 2012, 10:5 /content/10/1/5 RESEARCH Open Access Actin-dependent activation of serum response factor in T cells by the viral oncoprotein tip 1 1 1 1 2 3 Kristin Katsch , Sarah Jill de Jong , Jens-Christian Albrecht , Julia Steger , Harald Genth , Guido Posern and Brigitte Biesinger1* Abstract Serum response factor (SRF) acts as a multifunctional transcription factor regulated by mutually exclusive interactions with ternary complex factors (TCFs) or myocardin-related transcription factors (MRTFs). Binding of Rho- and actin-regulated MRTF:SRF complexes to target gene promoters requires an SRF-binding site only, whereas MAPK-regulated TCF:SRF complexes in addition rely on flanking sequences present in the serum response element (SRE). Here, we report on the activation of an SRE luciferase reporter by Tip, the viral oncoprotein essentially contributing to human T-cell transformation by Herpesvirus saimiri. SRE activation in Tip-expressing Jurkat T cells could not be attributed to triggering of the MAPK pathway. Therefore, we further analyzed the contribution of MRTF complexes. Indeed, Tip also activated a reporter construct responsive to MRTF:SRF. Activation of this reporter was abrogated by overexpression of a dominant negative mutant of the MRTF-family member MAL. Moreover, enrichment of monomeric actin suppressed the Tip-induced reporter activity. Further upstream, the Rho-family GTPase Rac, was found to be required for MRTF:SRF reporter activation by Tip. Initiation of this pathway was strictly dependent on Tip’s ability to interact with Lck and on the activity of this Src-family kinase. Independent of Tip, T- cell stimulation