interfacial structures and properties of organic materials for biosensors an overview界面结构和性能的有机材料为生物传感器概述.pdfVIP

Sensors 2012, 12, 15036-15062; doi:10.3390/s121115036 OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 /journal/sensors Review Interfacial Structures and Properties of Organic Materials for Biosensors: An Overview Yan Zhou 1, Cheng-Wei Chiu 2 and Hong Liang 1,2,* 1 Materials Science and Engineering, Texas AM University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; E-Mail: yanzhou@ 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas AM University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; E-Mail: helloweiwei6824@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: hliang@; Tel.: +1-979-862-2623; Fax: +1-979-845-3081. Received: 21 September 2012; in revised form: 31 October 2012 / Accepted: 2 November 2012 / Published: 6 November 2012 Abstract: The capabilities of biosensors for bio-environmental monitoring have profound influences on medical, pharmaceutical, and environmental applications. This paper provides an overview on the background and applications of the state-of-the-art biosensors. Different types of biosensors are summarized and sensing mechanisms are discussed. A review of organic materials used in biosensors is given. Specifically, this review focuses on self-assembled monolayers (SAM) due to their high sensitivity and high versatility. The kinetics, chemistry, and the immobilization strategies of biomolecules are discussed. Other representative organic materials, such as graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and conductive polymers are also introduced in this review.