interspecific competition between drosophila melanogaster and drosophila simulans temperature effect on competitive ability and fitness components黑腹果蝇果蝇simulans温度之间的种间竞争对竞争力的影响和健身组件.pdfVIP
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interspecific competition between drosophila melanogaster and drosophila simulans temperature effect on competitive ability and fitness components黑腹果蝇果蝇simulans温度之间的种间竞争对竞争力的影响和健身组件
Interspecific competition between Drosophila melanogaster
and Drosophila simulans: temperature effect on competitive
ability and fitness components
Catherine MONTCHAMP-MOREAU
Laboratoire de Génétique des Populations*,
Université Paris VII, 2, place Jussieu, F 75005 Paris
Summary
Previous studies of laboratory and natural populations suggest that Drosophila simulans is
much more restricted in its tolerance to different temperatures than its sibling species Drosophila
melanogaster. We have studied competition between these two species in population cages at
20 °C, the optimal temperature for D. simulans, and at 25 °C which seems to be more favourable
to D. melanogaster. At 25 °C D. melanogaster eliminated D. simulans, but at 20 °C, the reverse
occured. The temperature effect, on each of the three fitness components (fertility, larval viability
and developmental time) measured in both species, in the experimental conditions of the cages,
is in agreement with the observed outcome of interspecific competition.
Key-words : Drosophila melanogaster, Drosophila simulans, interspecific competition,
temperature.
Résumé
Compétition entre Drosophila melanogaster et Drosophila simulans :
Effet de la température sur leur compétitivité et sur diverses composantes
de la valeur adaptative
Les données accumulées à ce jour, tant en laboratoire que dans la nature, montrent que la
zone de tolérance thermique de D. simulans est beaucoup plus étroite que celle de son espèce
jumelle D. melanogaster. Nous avons donc décidé d’étudier la compétition entre ces deux espèces
dans des cages à population placées à des températures différentes : d’une part à 20 °C qui est
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