monoclonal antibody therapies against anthrax单克隆抗体治疗炭疽热.pdfVIP

Toxins 2011, 3, 1004-1019; doi:10.3390/toxins3081004 OPEN ACCESS toxins ISSN 2072-6651 /journal/toxins Review Monoclonal Antibody Therapies against Anthrax Zhaochun Chen 1,*, Mahtab Moayeri 2 and Robert Purcell 1 1 Laboratory of Infectious Diseases National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; E-Mail: rpurcell@ 2 Laboratory of Bacterial Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; E-Mail: mmoayeri@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: zchen@; Tel.: +1-301-594-2308; Fax: +1-301-402-0524. Received: 10 June 2011; in revised form: 6 August 2011 / Accepted: 10 August 2011 / Published: 15 August 2011 Abstract: Anthrax is a highly lethal infectious disease caused by the spore-forming bacterium Bacillus anthracis . It not only causes natural infection in humans but also poses a great threat as an emerging bioterror agent. The lethality of anthrax is primarily attributed to the two major virulence factors: toxins and capsule. An extensive effort has been made to generate therapeutically useful monoclonal antibodies to each of the virulence components: protective antigen (PA), lethal factor (LF) and edema factor (EF), and the capsule of B . anthracis. This review summarizes the current status of anti-anthrax mAb development and argues for the potential therapeutic adv