noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of steatohepatitis and advanced fibrosis in nafld肝病的无创性诊断生物标记和先进的肝纤维化的非酒精性脂肪肝.pdfVIP
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noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of steatohepatitis and advanced fibrosis in nafld肝病的无创性诊断生物标记和先进的肝纤维化的非酒精性脂肪肝
Pearce et al. Biomarker Research 2013, 1:7
/content/1/1/7
REVIEW Open Access
Noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of
steatohepatitis and advanced fibrosis in NAFLD
† † *
Steven G Pearce , Nirav C Thosani and Jen-Jung Pan
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of abnormal liver enzymes in both adults and
children. NAFLD has a histologic spectrum ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH),
advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis. It is imperative to distinguish simple steatosis from NASH since the latter has a
progressive disease course and can lead to end-stage liver disease. Liver biopsy has been considered as the gold
standard for the diagnosis of NASH. However, liver biopsy is invasive, costly, and can rarely cause significant
morbidity (risk of morbidity, 0.06-0.35%; risk of mortality, 0.1-0.01%). Imaging studies such as ultrasonography,
computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging have limited sensitivity in detecting steatosis and cannot
distinguish steatosis from NASH. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) has been used as a surrogate marker for liver
injuries. However, ALT is not an ideal marker for either diagnosis of NAFLD or distinguishing steatosis from NASH.
Better noninvasive biomarkers or panels of biomarkers that are cheaper, reliable, and reproducible are urgently
needed for patients with NASH to assist in establishing diagnosis, providing risk information, and monitoring
disease progression and treatment response. In this article, we plan to concisely review the current advances in the
use of biomarkers for the diagnosis of NASH.
Keyword: Biomarker, Noninvasive, NAFLD, NASH, Fibrosis
Introduction
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