particulate matter exposure during pregnancy is associated with birth weight, but not gestational age, 1962-1992 a cohort study颗粒物暴露在怀孕期间与出生体重有关,但不是孕龄,1962 - 1992一个队列研究.pdfVIP

Pearce et al. Environmental Health 2012, 11:13 /content/11/1/13 RESEARCH Open Access Particulate matter exposure during pregnancy is associated with birth weight, but not gestational age, 1962-1992: a cohort study 1* 1 2 1 3 4 Mark S Pearce , Svetlana V Glinianaia , Rakesh Ghosh , Judith Rankin , Steven Rushton , Martin Charlton , Louise Parker5 and Tanja Pless-Mulloli1,3 Abstract Background: Exposure to air pollutants is suggested to adversely affect fetal growth, but the evidence remains inconsistent in relation to specific outcomes and exposure windows. Methods: Using birth records from the two major maternity hospitals in Newcastle upon Tyne in northern England between 1961 and 1992, we constructed a database of all births to mothers resident within the city. Weekly black smoke exposure levels from routine data recorded at 20 air pollution monitoring stations were obtained and individual exposures were estimated via a two-stage modeling strategy, incorporating temporally and spatially varying covariates. Regression analyses, including 88,679 births, assessed potential associations between exposure to black smoke and birth weight, gestational age and birth weight standardized for gestational age and sex. Results: Significant associations were seen between black smoke and both standardized and unstandardized birth weight, but not for gestational age when adjusted for potential confounders. Not all associations were linear. For st 3 th 3 th an increase in whole pregnancy black smoke exposure, from the 1 (7.4 μg/m ) to the 25 (17.2 μg/m ), 50