prostate cancer and toxicity from critical use exemptions of methyl bromide environmental protection helps protect against human health risks前列腺癌和毒性的重要使用豁免的甲基溴化环境保护可以防止人类健康风险.pdfVIP

Prostate cancer and toxicity from critical use exemptions of methyl bromide: Environmental protection helps protect against human health risks Budnik et al. Budnik et al. Environmental Health 2012, 11:5 /content/11/1/5 (27 January 2012) Budnik et al. Environmental Health 2012, 11:5 /content/11/1/5 REVIEW Open Access Prostate cancer and toxicity from critical use exemptions of methyl bromide: Environmental protection helps protect against human health risks 1* 1 2 3 Lygia T Budnik , Stefan Kloth , Marcial Velasco-Garrido and Xaver Baur Abstract Background: Although ozone-depleting methyl bromide was destined for phase-out by 2005, it is still widely applied as a consequence of various critical-use-exemptions and mandatory international regulations aiming to restrict the spread of pests and alien species (e.g. in globalized transport and storage). The withdrawal of methyl bromide because of its environmental risk could fortuitously help in the containment of its human toxicity. Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature, including in vitro toxicological and epidemiological studies of occupational and community exposure to the halogenated hydrocarbon pesticide methyl bromide. We focused on toxic (especially chronic) or carcinogenic effects from the use of methyl bromide, on biomonitoring data and reference values. Eligible epidemiological studies were subjected to meta-analysis. Results: Out of the 542 peer reviewed publications between 1990-2011, we found only 91 referring to toxicity of methyl bromide and 29 using the term “carcinogenic”, “neoplastic” or “mutagenic”. Several studie