recent advances in the genetics of language impairment语言障碍的遗传学的最新进展.pdfVIP

Newbury et al. Genome Medicine 2010, 2:6 /content/2/1/6 RE VIE W Recent advances in the genetics of language impairment Dianne F Newbury*, Simon E Fisher and Anthony P Monaco than on the basis of any specific clinical test. SLI affects Abstract between 5% and 8% of English-speaking (primarily UK Specic language impairment (SLI) is dened as an and US) pre-school children, and is a lifelong disability unexpected and persistent impairment in language with an increased risk of behavioral disorders, social ability despite adequate opportunity and intelligence problems and literacy deficits [3-5]. e disorder shows and in the absence of any explanatory medical significant overlap with associated developmental condi- conditions. This condition is highly heritable and aects tions, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder between 5% and 8% of pre-school children. Over the (ADHD), speech sound disorder (SSD), dyslexia and past few years, investigations have begun to uncover autism [6]. genetic factors that may contribute to susceptibility to Over the past decade, researchers have begun to language impairment. So far, variants in four specic identify genetic factors that may have roles in the etiology genes have been associated with spoken language of language disorders. It is hoped that the study of these disorders - forkhead box P2 (FOXP2) and contactin- genes will facilitate a better understanding of the cause of associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2) on chromosome 7