response surface methodology an emphatic tool for optimized biodiesel production using rice bran and sunflower oils响应面分析的有力工具优化使用米糠和向日葵油生产生物柴油.pdfVIP

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response surface methodology an emphatic tool for optimized biodiesel production using rice bran and sunflower oils响应面分析的有力工具优化使用米糠和向日葵油生产生物柴油.pdf

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response surface methodology an emphatic tool for optimized biodiesel production using rice bran and sunflower oils响应面分析的有力工具优化使用米糠和向日葵油生产生物柴油

Energies 2012, 5, 3307-3328; doi:10.3390/en5093307 OPEN ACCESS energies ISSN 1996-1073 /journal/energies Article Response Surface Methodology: An Emphatic Tool for Optimized Biodiesel Production Using Rice Bran and Sunflower Oils Muhammad Waseem Mumtaz 1,2, Ahmad Adnan 1, Farooq Anwar 3,*, Hamid Mukhtar 4, Muhammad Asam Raza 2, Farooq Ahmad 2 and Umer Rashid 5,* 1 Department of Chemistry, GC University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; E-Mails: waseem_pk56@ (M.W.); adnan_biochem@ (A.A.) 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; E-Mails: asamgcu@ (M.A.R.); arooq_ahmad582@ (F.A.) 3 Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan 4 Institute of Industrial biotechnology, GC University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; E-Mail: hamidwaseer@ 5 Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang-43400, Selangor, Malaysia * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: fqanwar@ (F.A.); umer.rashid@ (U.R); Tel.: +92-48-9230546 (F.A.); +603(U.R); Fax: +92-48-3222121 (F.A.); +603(U.R). Received: 18 June 2012; in revised form: 7 August 2012 / Accepted: 13 August 2012 / Published: 4 September 2012 Abstract: The current study describes the emphatic use of response surface methodology for the optimized biodiesel production using chemical and enzymatic transesterification of rice bran and sunflower oils. Optimal biodiesel yields were determined to be 65.3 ± 2.0%, 73.4 ± 3.5%, 96.5 ± 1.6%, 89.3 ± 2.0% and 41.7 ± 3.9% for rice bran oil and 65.6 ± 1.2%, 82.1