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second law violation by magneto-caloric effect adiabatic phase transition of type i superconductive particles第二定律违反magneto-caloric效应绝热相变的i型超导粒子.pdf

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second law violation by magneto-caloric effect adiabatic phase transition of type i superconductive particles第二定律违反magneto-caloric效应绝热相变的i型超导粒子

Entropy 2004, 6, 116-127 Entropy ISSN 1099-4300 /entropy/ Second Law Violation By Magneto-Caloric Effect Adiabatic Phase Transition of Type I Superconductor Particles Peter D. Keefe Keefe and Associates, 24405 Gratiot Avenue, Eastpointe, MI 48021 USA Website: www.K Received: 30 September 2003 / Accepted: 10 December 2003 / Published: 17 March 2004 Abstract: The nature of the thermodynamic behavior of Type I superconductor particles, having a cross section less than the Ginzburg-Landau temperature dependent coherence length, ξ(T), is discussed for magnetic field induced adiabatic phase transitions from the superconductive state to the normal state. Argument is advanced supporting the view that when the adiabatic magneto- caloric process is applied to particles, the phase transition is characterized by a decrease in entropy in violation of traditional formulations of the Second Law, evidenced by attainment of a final process temperature below that which would result from an adiabatic magneto-caloric process applied to bulk dimensioned specimens. Keywords: Superconductor, Second Law, Magneto-Caloric Effect, Coherent Magneto-Caloric Effect, Adiabatic Magneto-Caloric Effect, Adiabatic Phase Transition. Entropy 2004, 6, 116-127 117 INTRODUCTION The adiabatic phase transition of bulk dimensioned Type I superconductors has been studied e