single voxel proton spectroscopy for neurofeedback at 7 tesla7点单体素质子光谱neurofeedback特斯拉.pdfVIP

Materials 2011, 4, 1548-1563; doi:10.3390/ma4091548 OPEN ACCESS materials ISSN 1996-1944 /journal/materials Article Single Voxel Proton Spectroscopy for Neurofeedback at 7 Tesla Yury Koush 1,2,4,*, Mark A. Elliott 4 and Klaus Mathiak 1,2,3 1 Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; E-Mail: kmathiak@ukaachen.de 2 JARA, Translational Brain Medicine, 52074 Aachen, Germany 3 Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Center Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany 4 Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging (CMROI), Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA; E-Mail: melliott@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ykoush@ukaachen.de; Tel.: +49-241-808-8650; Fax: +49-241-808-2401. Received: 21 June 2011; in revised form: 23 August 2011 / Accepted: 5 September 2011 / Published: 15 September 2011 Abstract: Echo-planar imaging (EPI) in fMRI is regularly used to reveal BOLD activation in presubscribed regions of interest (ROI). The response is mediated by relative changes in T2* which appear as changes in the image pixel intensities. We have proposed an application of functional single-voxel proton spectroscopy (fSVPS) for real-time studies at ultra-high MR field which can be comparable to the EPI BOLD fMRI technique. A spin-echo SVPS protocol without water suppression was acquired with 310 repetitions on a 7T Siemens MR scanner (TE/