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symmetries of the central vestibular system forming movements for gravity and a three-dimensional world对称中枢前庭系统形成运动的重力和一个三维的世界.pdf

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symmetries of the central vestibular system forming movements for gravity and a three-dimensional world对称中枢前庭系统形成运动的重力和一个三维的世界

Symmetry 2010, 2, 1544-1558; doi:10.3390/sym2031544 OPEN ACCESS symmetry ISSN 2073-8994 /journal/symmetry Review Symmetries of the Central Vestibular System: Forming Movements for Gravity and a Three-Dimensional World Gin McCollum* and Douglas A. Hanes Neuro-Otology Department, Legacy Research Center, 1225 NE 2nd Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97232, USA; E-Mail: douglash@ (D.A.H.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: mccollum@. Received: 18 May 2010 / Accepted: 16 July 2010 / Published: 22 July 2010 Abstract: Intrinsic dynamics of the central vestibular system (CVS) appear to be at least partly determined by the symmetries of its connections. The CVS contributes to whole-body functions such as upright balance and maintenance of gaze direction. These functions coordinate disparate senses (visual, inertial, somatosensory, auditory) and body movements (leg, trunk, head/neck, eye). They are also unified by geometric conditions. Symmetry groups have been found to structure experimentally-recorded pathways of the central vestibular system. When related to geometric conditions in three-dimensional physical space, these symmetry groups make sense as a logical foundation for sensorimotor coordination. Keywords: central vestibular system; sensorimotor; causal logic; symmetry; movement; integration; mathematical; oscillation; coordination 1. Sensorimotor Integration and the Central Vestibular System The