the 27 possible intrinsic symmetry groups of two-component links27个可能的内在对称性群双组分链接.pdfVIP

Symmetry 2012, 4, 129-142; doi:10.3390/sym4010129 OPEN ACCESS symmetry ISSN 2073-8994 /journal/symmetry Article The 27 Possible Intrinsic Symmetry Groups of Two-Component Links Jason Cantarella 1, James Cornish 2 , Matt Mastin 1 and Jason Parsley 2, 1 University of Georgia, Mathematics Department, Boyd GSRC, Athens, GA 30602, USA; E-Mails: cantarel@ (J.C.); mmastin@ (M.M.) 2 Wake Forest University, Mathematics Department, Box 7388, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA; E-Mail: cornjs0@ Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: parslerj@; Tel.: +1-336-758-4990. Received: 13 January 2012; in revised form: 7 February 2012 / Accepted: 9 February 2012 / Published: 17 February 2012 Abstract: We consider the “intrinsic” symmetry group of a two-component link , defined to be the image of the natural homomorphism from the standard symmetry group to the product . This group, first defined by Whitten in 1969, records directly whether is isotopic to a link obtained from by permuting components or reversing orientations; it is a subgroup of , the group of all such operations. For two-component links, we catalog the 27 possible intrinsic symmetry groups, which represent the subgroups of up to conjugacy. We are able to provide prime, nonsplit examples for 21 of these groups; some are classically known, some are new. We catalog the frequency at which each group appears among all 77,036 o