原创力文档the ability of a nanofiltration membrane to remove hardness and ions from diluted seawater纳滤膜去除硬度的能力和离子稀释海水.pdfVIP
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the ability of a nanofiltration membrane to remove hardness and ions from diluted seawater纳滤膜去除硬度的能力和离子稀释海水
Water 2012, 4, 283-294; doi:10.3390/w4020283
OPEN ACCESS
water
ISSN 2073–4441
/journal/water
Article
The Ability of a Nanofiltration Membrane to Remove Hardness
and Ions from Diluted Seawater
Amir Abbas Izadpanah 1,* and Asghar Javidnia 2
1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Persian Gulf University,
Bushehr 7516913798, Iran
2 ParsianFarAb Co., Motahheri Building, P.O. Box 7514944968, Bushehr 7514944968, Iran;
E-Mail: javidnia@
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: izadpanah@pgu.ac.ir;
Tel.: +98-771-422-2169; Fax: +98-771-454-0376.
Received: 19 January 2012; in revised form: 1 March 2012 / Accepted: 1 March 2012 /
Published: 23 March 2012
Abstract: In this work, the ability of a commercial spiral-wound nanofiltration membrane
to remove hardness and ions from diluted seawater was studied. Experiments were carried
out in the pressure range of 4–10 bar. Analyses of the samples, and permeates at different
pressures, were performed and the effects of the trans-membrane pressure on the permeate
flux were investigated. The results show that this nanofiltration membrane is capable of
retaining 96–98% of the total hardness, 79–89% of the electrical conductivity and 79–89%
of the total dissolved solid (TDS). Our results are in good agreement with those reported by
the manufacturing company.
Keywords: nanofiltration; hardness; potable water; membrane; seawater
1. Introduction
In Iran, surface water is frequently used to produce potable water. However, due to drou
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