the browning of alaska’s boreal forest阿拉斯加的北方森林的褐变.pdfVIP

Remote Sens. 2010, 2, 2729-2747; doi:10.3390/rs2 122729 OPEN ACCESS Remote Sensing ISSN 2072-4292 /journal/remotesensing Article The Browning of Alaska’s Boreal Forest Mary Beth Parent and David Verbyla * Department of Forest Sciences, School of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA; E-Mail: meparent@ * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail: dlverbyla@; Tel.: +1-907-474-5553; Fax: +1-907-474-6184. Received: 28 October 2010; in revised form: 18 November 2010 / Accepted: 2 December 2010 / Published: 8 December 2010 Abstract: We used twelve Landsat scenes from the 1980s–2009 and regional 2000–2009 MODIS data to examine the long-term trend in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) within unburned areas of the Alaskan boreal forest. Our analysis shows that there has been a declining trend in NDVI in this region, with the strongest ―browning trend‖ occurring in eastern Alaska where the climate during the growing season is relatively dry and warm. Possible reasons for the browning trend are decreased vegetation due to temperature-induced drought stress and increased infestations of insect pests. Keywords: boreal forest; Alaska; NDVI; browning; climate warming 1. Introduction The greatest climate warming over the past 50 years in North America has occurred in Alaska and northwest Canada [1]. This warming has led to substantial physical and biological changes including record sea-ice retreat [2], permafrost