the impact of carsharing on public transit and non-motorized travel an exploration of north american carsharing survey data车在公共交通的影响,使用一种探索非机动出行方式的北美车调查数据.pdfVIP

Energies 2011, 4, 2094-2114; doi:10.3390/en4112094 OPEN ACCESS energies ISSN 1996-1073 /journal/energies Article The Impact of Carsharing on Public Transit and Non-Motorized Travel: An Exploration of North American Carsharing Survey Data Elliot Martin * and Susan Shaheen Transportation Sustainability Research Center (TSRC), University of California, Berkeley, th Street, Richmond, CA 94804, USA; E-Mail: sashaheen@ 1401 S. 46 * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: elliot@; Tel.: +1-510-665-3572; Fax: +1-510-665-2183. Received: 20 August 2011; in revised form: 11 September 2011 / Accepted: 19 September 2011 / Published: 24 November 2011 Abstract: By July 2011, North American carsharing had grown to an industry of nearly 640,000 members since its inception on the continent more than 15 years ago. Carsharing engenders changes in member travel patterns both towards and away from public transit and non-motorized modes. This study, which builds on the work of two previous studies, evaluates this shift in travel based on a 6281 respondent survey completed in late-2008 by members of major North American carsharing organizations. Across the entire sample, the results showed an overall decline in public transit use that was statistically significant, as 589 carsharing members reduced rail use and 828 reduced bus use, while 494 increased rail use and 732 increased bus use. Thus for every five members that use rail less, four members use rail more, and