ultrasonic vocalizations induced by sex and amphetamine in m2, m4, m5 muscarinic and d2 dopamine receptor knockout mice超声叫声引起性和安非他命在m2,m4、m5毒蕈碱的和d2多巴胺受体基因敲除小鼠.pdfVIP

Ultrasonic Vocalizations Induced by Sex and Amphetamine in M2, M4, M5 Muscarinic and D2 Dopamine Receptor Knockout Mice 1 1 2 3 1 Haoran Wang *, Shuyin Liang , Jeffrey Burgdorf , Jurgen Wess , John Yeomans * 1 Department of Psychology, Center for Biological Timing and Cognition (CTBC), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, 2 Falk Center for Molecular Therapeutics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America, 3 Molecular Signaling, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America Abstract Adult mice communicate by emitting ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) during the appetitive phases of sexual behavior. However, little is known about the genes important in controlling call production. Here, we study the induction and regulation of USVs in muscarinic and dopaminergic receptor knockout (KO) mice as well as wild-type controls during sexual behavior. Female mouse urine, but not female rat or human urine, induced USVs in male mice, whereas male urine did not induce USVs in females. Direct contact of males with females is required for eliciting high level of USVs in males. USVs (25 to120 kHz) were emitted only by males, suggesting positive state; however human-audible squeaks were produced only by females, implying negative state during male-female pairing. USVs were divided into flat and frequency-modulated calls. Male USVs often changed from continuous to broken frequency-modulated calls after initiation of mounting. In M2 KO mice, USVs were lost in about 70–80% of the mice, correlating with a loss of sexual interaction. In M5 KO mice, mean USVs were r