利用睡眠问卷探析注意缺陷多动障碍儿童睡眠问题.docVIP

利用睡眠问卷探析注意缺陷多动障碍儿童睡眠问题 　 作者：冯军坛，王立文，朱彦丽，吕凌云，李尔珍，崔雯 【摘要】 目的 探讨注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童的睡眠问题。方法 利用自制睡眠问卷的方法对57例ADHD儿童及100例正常儿童进行睡眠调查，两组儿童均由父母代为填写。结果 与正常对照组儿童相比，ADHD组儿童的睡眠上床时间晚、睡眠开始时间长、睡眠容易唤醒、醒后不易入睡，差异有统计学意义（Plt;0.05）；ADHD组儿童打鼾较正常组儿童多，差异接近有显著性（P=0.061）；白天嗜睡较对照组少，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；而遗尿、做梦、梦语、夜惊、梦魇和梦游均较正常组儿童多，但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 （1）ADHD儿童存在睡眠上床时间晚、睡眠开始时间长、睡眠容易唤醒、醒后不易入睡等睡眠问题；（2）睡眠呼吸紊乱（SDB）也可能是导致ADHD儿童白天行为紊乱的原因之一。 【关键词】 儿童；注意缺陷多动障碍；睡眠；睡眠问卷 ［Abstract］ Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the sleep problem of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）.Methods 57 children with ADHD and 100 normal control children completed sleep questionnaire assessment.Results （1）Compared with normal controls,children with ADHD demonstrated late bedtime,longer sleep onset,easy to awake during sleep and hard to fall asleep again after awake,these differences were all statistically significant（Plt;0.05）.（2）Compared with normal controls,children with ADHD demonstrated increasing snore,the difference was near to statistically significant（P=0.061）.（3）Daytime sleepiness in children with ADHD was less than in normal control,but the difference was not statistically significant（P＞0.05）.（4）Enuresis,dreaming,somniloquence,night terrors,nightmare and sleepwalking in children with ADHD were more than in normal control,but the differences were not statistically significant（P＞0.05）.Conclusion （1）Children with ADHD display significantly more problems with sleep,which include late bedtime,longer sleep onset,easy to awake during sleep and hard to fall asleep again after awake.（2）Sleep disordered breathing（SDB） may be one of the reason of behavior disorder of children with ADHD. ［Key words］ children;attention deficit hyperactivity disorder;sleep;sleep questionnaire 缺陷多动障碍（attention deficit hyperactivity disorder，ADHD）是由生物、社会、心理等因素共同作用导致的具有高度异质性的临床综合征。主要表现为与年龄不相称的注意力易分散，不分场合的过度运动，情绪冲动并伴有学习困难，它不仅影响儿童的学校家庭和校外生活，同时也导致儿童行为问题和低的自尊心。我国ADHD患病率为3%～10%［1］，男孩多于女孩。完善的睡眠结构对儿童中枢神经系统发育和成熟起着重要的作