新一代天气雷达原理与产品应用(2013年集训第六章节-龙卷的雷达探测和预警).ppt

如何区分龙卷和下击暴流灾害 龙卷精细结构 * * * 弱逆风区，迅速扩大（10：41），并发展为弱TVS（10：47），并12分钟。 同时由于西樵附近多次出现逆风区，造成了强降水，引发山洪。 * * 弱TVS(|－12.5| + |＋17.5|) =30m/s gate to gate * 在西樵附近又出现了逆风区 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * In order to generate vertical vorticity at ground level, a downdraft must bring and tilt elevated horizontal vorticity towards the vertical. The formation of the RFD usually indicates that the mesocyclone is developing downdraft within it, causing a bifurcation in the original simple rotational structure of the mesocyclone. The mesocyclone inside the curling RFD often called the tornado cyclone,is a smaller circulation than the original mesocyclone, which is a concentration of strong vertical vorticity associated with both the RFD and the updraft. If that vertical vorticity is continuous to near ground, then one of the tornado ingredients, low-level vertical vorticity supply is coming into existence. However, if the tornado cyclone is stronger aloft, it could mean that it is a potentially strong stretching source through the nonhydrostatic pressure forcing. A distant view of the tornado cyclone (TVS) by radar means you are detecting this feature mainly aloft, and therefore, it may be providing a source of strong vortex stretching, but only aloft and not near the surface. In this range of roughly 30 to 70 miles, you need to know if the RFD is likely to be buoyant so that it provides added vertical acceleration and low-level vortex stretching potential through a significant depth . What you do not know is whether there is any vorticity near the surface. Thirty to seventy miles is the range in which your TVS signature, if you have one, could be indicative of the tornado cyclone because the beam width is still relatively large on most occasions. At greater ra