消化系统第二讲（Second lectures on the digestive system）.docVIP

消化系统第二讲（Second lectures on the digestive system） Acute and chronic gastritis I. anatomy of the stomach and duodenum (1) anatomy and physiology of the stomach Anatomy of the stomach: the stomach is divided into three regions: the cardia, the stomach, the stomach, and the pylorus. The gastric wall is divided into serosa, muscularis, submucosa and mucosa from the inside to the outside. There is a formula The three segments of the esophagus, neck, chest, abdomen, and three stenosis should be kept in mind; The stomach is under the sword, the left upper quadrant, the two door, the two bend and the three part; Cardia, pylorus, size, bend, stomach fundus, stomach body, pylorus; Small bend antrum antrum is easy ulcer, diagnose in time, Mo delay. The lymph nodes around the stomach are divided into 4 groups according to the main drainage directions: 1. Small gastric curvature, the upper lymph drainage to the abdominal lymph node group; Lymph drainage from the lesser curvature of the stomach to the upper lymph node of the pylorus; The stomach right lymph drainage to the subpyloric lymph node group; The upper part of stomach lymph drainage to pancreatic and splenic lymph nodes. The motor nerves of the stomach include sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. The parasympathetic nerve of the stomach comes from the left and right vagus nerves. The vagus nerve is distributed into the terminal part of the stomach and enters the gastric antrum with a crow claw. It is a marker of high selective vagotomy in the stomach. (two) the anatomy of the duodenum The suspensory ligament of the duodenum is the sign of the beginning of the jejunum Two. Acute gastritis (1) etiology and pathogenesis: 1. etiology: acute gastritis is caused by a variety of causes of acute gastric mucosal inflammation. There are currently known: infection; drugs; stress; alcohol; The metamorphism, rough and excitant food; the corrosive substances; the alkaline reflux group; ischemia; 9 radiation; the mechanical trauma. R