第十七章第一节政论类文体的翻译.pptVIP

论文译文特点： １ 　文章第一句话切不可与题目（Title）重复，因排版中每篇文摘记录都是与题目连排的，只是题目用黑体排印，因此可认为题目便是文摘的第一句话，遇到此种重复情况请改写。 例如； 　　文章标题是：“WAVE FUNCTION FOR THE H CENTER IN LIF． 文章的第一句话不宜是：A wave function for the H center in LiF is proposed assuming a linear combination of appropriate molecular orbits…”　　 ２　　文体风格（styles） 　　（1）叙述要简明，逻辑性要强； 　　（2）句子结构严谨完整，尽量用短句子； 　　（3）技术术语尽量用工程领域的通用标准； 　　（4）用过去时态叙述作者工作，用现在时态叙述作者结论。 ? 如： “The structure of dislocation core in Gap was investigated by weak-beam electro microscope． The dislocations are dissociated into two Shockley partial with separations of 80土10 and 40土10 A in the pure edge and screw cases respectively．” （5）可用动词的情况尽量避免用动词的名词形式； 　　如：用“Thickness of plastic sheets was measured”　　不用“Measurement of thickness of plastic sheet was made” （6）注意冠词用法，分清a是泛指，the是专指(cf. a year, the year)； 　　如： “Pressure is a function of temperature” 不应是 “Pressure is a function of the temperature ”　　 “The refinery operates…” 不应是 “ Refinery operates…” 　　（7）避免使用长系列形容词或名词来修饰名词，可用预置短语分开或用连字符（hyphen）断开名词词组，作为单位形容词（一个形容词）。 　　如 “The chlorine-containing propylene-based polymer of high meld index” （8）不使用俚语，外来语表达概念，应用标准英语； （9）尽量用主动语态代替被动语态； 　　如； “A exceed B”优于“B is exceeded by A” （10）语言要简练，但不得使用电报语言； 　　如： “Adsorption nitrobenzene on copper chromate investigation” 应为 “Adsorption of nitrobenzene on copper chromate was investigated．” （11）文词要纯朴无华，不用多姿多态的文学性描述手法； 　　如：“Working against time on hot slag and spilled metal in condition of choking dust and blinding steam, are conditions no maker would choose for his machines to operate in．” 　（12）组织好句子，使动词尽量靠近主语： 　　例如不用：“The depolarization in solutions of the pigment in dioxide，which were exposed to 10 hr of UV irradiation，was no longer irreversible．” 　　而用：“When the pigment was dissolved in dioxide, decolonization was irreversible after 10hr of UV irradiation” （13）用重要的事实开头，尽量避免用辅助从句开头； 　　例如用： “Power consumption of telephone switching systems was determined from data obtained experimentally．” 而不用 “From data obtained experimentally, power consumption