基于USB接口的51单片机编程器的设计.docVIP

基于USB接口的51单片机编程器的设计 摘要 51单片机的flash存储器程序烧写有两种模式：并行flash编程和串行flash编程。其中串行flash编程模式支持ISP编程（又称为在系统中编程或系统在线编程），这种模式在烧写单片机程序时不需要把芯片从工作环境中剥离，解决了在开发产品时因频繁拔插单片机造成的芯片引脚折断从而损坏芯片等问题。目前，市面上的大部分51单片机ISP编程器主要采用PC机的并口或RS232串口进行程序下载，基于USB接口的ISP编程器很少，这对于一部分只有USB接口的PC机来说非常不方便。基于这个原因，本文设计了一种基于USB接口的51单片机在线编程器。该编程器主要针对ATMEL公司生产的51单片机AT89S51/52/53芯片进行系统在线编程，无需外接电源，采用从PC机的USB接口取电，方便用户使用，性价比高，写入速度快，稳定性好。 本设计包括硬件和PC端上位机软件两部份。硬件由USB-ISP接口转换电路和51单片机目标板电路组成。其中，USB-ISP接口转换电路采用南京沁恒公司USB转换芯片CH341实现，51单片机目标板包括目标芯片AT89S51及相关外围电路（复位及时钟电路）、键盘显示模块。PC端上位机软件采用VB编写用户人机界面，利用API函数调用CH341运行的动态链接库文件实现PC机与CH341之间的USB接口数据传送，CH341再将从USB接口接收到的数据通过ISP同步串行接口传送到目标单片机AT89S51。因此，用户只需运行上位机程序，通过点击界面中的相应按钮就可以完成51单片机的在线编程。 关键词：ISP在线编程，USB-ISP接口转换，AT89S51/52，CH341，VB上位机程序 Abstract There are two modes to burn the flash memory procedures of 51 microcontrollers: parallel flash programming and serial flash programming. Serial flash programming supports ISP programming (also known as programmed in the system or system online programming), and in this mode of programming, the microcontroller chips do not have to be peeled from the working environment when programming. This solves the problems such as chips are damaged due to chip pins are broken during frequent plugging of microcontroller. Currently, the majority of 51 microcontroller ISP programmers in the market use the parallel interface or RS232 serial port to download the procedures, however there are very few ISP programmers with USB interface, which is very inconvenient to those PCs with USB interfaces only. For this reason, this paper designs a 51 microcontroller online programmer based on USB interface. This programmer is to system online program chips of 51 microcontrollers AT89S51/52/53 which is produced by ATMEL. The programmer takes power by using USB interface of PC, not requiring external powder supply and it is user-friendly and cost effective with high writing speed as well as good stability. The design includes hardware and PC software. The hardware is form