蛋白质和氨基酸的呈色反应（Color reaction of protein and amino acid）.docVIP

蛋白质和氨基酸的呈色反应（Color reaction of protein and amino acid） Experiment 1 the color reaction of protein and amino acid Objective requirement (1) learn some common methods and principles of identifying proteins and amino acids. (2) study some special reaction and principle of identification of specific amino acids. (3) a simple method of distinguishing sugars, lipids, and proteins, including color reactions, solubility, odor and ash after combustion, etc.. Principle I. Methods of identification of proteins and amino acids Proteins containing certain amino acids and their specific structures can react with certain reagents to form colored materials. 1. double retraction reaction When urea (i.e. urea) heating to L80 Deg. C. Two molecules of urea condensation, a molecule of ammonia and the formation of biuret (biuret). Then, in alkaline solution, copper ions (cu2+) are combined to form a complex violet red compound. The color reaction is called biuret reaction. Purple red copper double shrink composite structure, see next page. More than two protein or peptide peptide, peptide containing multiple biuret structure similar, so there are biuret reaction. It should be pointed out that substances containing a group of CS - NH2, one CH2, one NH2, one CRH - NH2, one CH2, one NH2 - CHNH2, one CHOH-CH2NH2, -CHOH - CH2NH2, and even an excessive amount of ammonium salt also interfere with this experiment. 2.Salkowski (1888) protein yellow reaction It is an aromatic amino acid, especially a color reaction characteristic of tyrosine and tryptophan proteins. Phenylalanine is difficult to react with benzene. Skin, nails, and hair turn yellow when concentrated nitric acid is found here. The nitrobenzene derivative is yellow, and in alkaline solution, it further forms deep orange sodium nitrate. Reference reaction is: 3., three keto ketone reaction Protein, fat and amino acids with three indene ketone reaction. The proline and hydroxyproline were yellow except for no - amino group. Other amin