中国沉积盆地火山岩油气藏形成与分布-石油勘探与开发.PDF

　　　　　　　　 　2008 6 　　　　　　　　PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT 　　　　　　　Vol.35　No.3　 257 :1000-0747(2008)03-0257-15 邹才能, 赵文智, 贾承造, 朱如凯, 张光亚, 赵霞, 袁选俊 (中国石油勘探开发研究院) :中国石油天然气股份有限公司“十一五”重大科技攻关项目(07-01A-01) :中国火 岩油气藏勘探经历了偶然发现、局部勘探、全面勘探3 个发展阶段。 中国沉积盆地内发育石炭系—二叠系、侏 罗系—白垩系和古近系—新近系3 套火 岩, 以火 熔岩、火 角砾岩和风化壳岩溶型储集层为主, 储集层物性基本不受埋 深限制。火 岩自身不能生成有机烃类, 与有效烃源岩匹配是成藏的关键, 近源组合最有利于成藏, 生烃中心控制油气分布, 远源组合需断层或不整合面沟通。 中国东部断陷盆地火 岩油气藏以近源组合为主, 沿断裂高部位爆发相储集层发育, 形成 构造-岩性油气藏, 斜坡部位喷溢相大面积分布, 经裂缝改造的储集层有利, 主要形成岩性油气藏;中西部发育两种成藏组合, 近源大型地层油气藏最有利, 沿不整合面分布的风化淋滤型储集层亦可形成大型地层油气藏。 图9 表6 参44 :火山岩储集层;喷 环境;火山—沉积构造层序;成藏;主控因素 :TE122.1　　　:A Formation and distribution of volcanic hydrocarbon reservoirs in sedimentary basins of China ZOU Cai-neng, ZHAO Wen-zhi, JIA Cheng-zao, ZHU Ru-ai, ZHANG Guang-ya, ZHAO Xia, YUA N Xuan-jun R esearch I ns titute of P etroleum E xp loration D evelop m en t, P etroChina, B eij ing 100083, Ch ina ( ) Abstract:Volcanic hydrocarbon exploration in China experienced three phases, accidental discovery, local prospecting and all-round exploration.There are mainly Carboniferous-Permian, Jurassic-Cretaceous, Paleogene-Neogene volcanic roc s and lava, pyroclastics, arst reservoirs in oil-and gas-bearing basins in China.Volcanic roc s can not generate organic hydrocarbons, and the combination of volcanic roc s, source roc s and seals is the ey controlling factor of the primary lava plays.The near-source play is most favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation.Distribution of oil and gas is controlled predominantly by the hydrocarbon-generating center.The distal play requires communication with faults or unconformi