生物复习提纲(八下)（Biology review outline (eight below)）.docVIP

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生物复习提纲(八下)（Biology review outline (eight below)）.doc

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生物复习提纲(八下)（Biology review outline (eight below)）

生物复习提纲(八下)（Biology review outline (eight below)） 1. biotechnology in everyday life A. fermentation is caused by microorganisms. B. common fermentation products and corresponding microorganism: BRANDIED, Steamed Buns, bread, beer, fruit wine yeast, Yogurt, lactic acid bacteria, sour wines - acetic acid bacteria C. experiment: brewing wine Microorganisms used: yeasts The steps of cleaning containers -- steamed glutinous rice, glutinous rice, cold boiling water rinse koji were The uniform and glutinous rice mixed -- a container cover -- in 25 DEG C - 30 DEG C environment The condition: in 25 DEG C - 30 DEG C environment conducive to the growth of yeast. D. the cause of spoilage, growth, reproduction, etc of microorganisms. E. method of preserving foods (principle: inhibiting microbial growth and reproduction) The traditional method: dried, dried, salted, smoked, wine and sugar. Modern methods: canning, dehydration, freezing, vacuum packaging, adding preservatives. The use of lysozyme to preserve fish, shrimp and other aquatic products not only prevents bacterial contamination of food, but also does no harm to humans. 2. bioengineering and Biotechnology A. gene engineering and transgenic technology The genetic engineering is in accordance with the wishes of the people, the use of artificial methods of biological gene recombination technology, composition of the grafting type transformation. Transgenic technology: the technology of introducing foreign genes directly into animals and plants or their fertilized eggs, and can play a role in cells. Plants and animals that are introduced into foreign genes are called genetically modified animals and plants. (giant mice; insect resistant tobacco; insect resistant cotton) B. cell engineering and cloning technology Cloning technology has marked great progress in cell engineering. Cloning is the method of obtaining new individuals without fertilization. Asexual reproduction. The success of Dollys sheep means that human beings can