第三节 肾盂肾炎（Third pyelonephritis）.docVIP

第三节 肾盂肾炎（Third pyelonephritis） (Pyelonephritis) Pyelonephritis is an inflammatory disease caused by pathogenic microorganisms invading the renal pelvis, renal interstitium and renal parenchyma. It is a common and frequently occurring disease. It is very common in women. Men: women are at 1:10, among whom the incidence rate of women of childbearing age is the highest, and the number of elderly women and infants is also quite high. Urethritis and cystitis are collectively referred to as lower urinary tract infections, while pyelonephritis is called upper urinary tract infection. Can separate the presence of urinary tract infection, urinary tract and urinary tract infections generally associated with infection due to the clinical two is not easy to separate, often referred to as urinary tract infection, but the treatment principle of the two different outcomes is also different, need to distinguish. Etiology and pathogenesis Pyelonephritis is caused by a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, directly causing inflammation of the renal tubules, renal interstitium and renal parenchyma. Some pyelonephritis has been reported. Especially the chronic renal lesion and scar tissue, there are some antigens of pathogens, some can also be found with immune complex deposition, pathogenic lymphocytes and mononuclear cell infiltration in renal tissue and antibody coated in the pathogenesis of pyelonephritis that exists in the immune response to injury. First, the pathogen of uropathogenic pathogens, mainly for non special bacteria, including Escherichia coli was the most (60 - 80%), followed by Proteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus Alcaligenes, a Pseudomonas aeruginosa; even for fungi, protozoa, virus or Chlamydia infection. Two. Infection route: ascending infection is the main infection route of pyelonephritis. The urethra and normal conditions around the different number of alien pathogens, but not pathogenic, in some incentives (such as lower body resist