大学物理公式（University physics formula）.docVIP

大学物理公式（University physics formula） Concepts (definitions and related formulas) 1. position vectors: they are in Cartesian coordinates: angular position: theta 2. speed: average speed: speed: angular speed: Angular velocity versus velocity: V=r Omega 3. acceleration: or average acceleration: angular acceleration: In the natural coordinate system (=r, beta), (=r2, omega) 4. force: =m (or =) torque: (size: M=rFcos theta direction: right hand helix rule) 5. momentum: angular momentum: (size: L=rmvcos theta direction: right hand spiral rule) 6. impulse: (= t); power: (gas external work: A= formula PdV) Mg (Zhong Li) MGH -kx (elastic force) kx2/2 F= (gravitation) - =Ep (electrostatic force) 7. kinetic energy: mV2/2 8. potential energy: A = = - Ep, the potential energy forms of different interaction forces are different, and the choice of zeros is different, in different form, in the case of zero potential energy potential: Mechanical energy: E=EK+EP 9. heat: the molar heat capacity C is related to the process. The relationship between the constant heat capacity Cv and the isobaric heat capacity Cp is: Cp=, Cv+R 10. pressure: Average translational energy of 11. molecules: internal energy of ideal gas: 12. Maxwell velocity distribution function (meaning: the ratio of the number of molecules within a unit velocity interval around V) 13. average speed: The root mean square speed; most probable speed: 14. entropy: S=Kln is the thermodynamic probability, that is, the number of microscopic states contained in a macroscopic state 15. electric field strength = = /q0 (point charge) 16. electric potential: (point to point charge); electric potential energy: Wa=qUa (A= - W) 17. capacitor: C=Q/U; capacitor storage: W=CU2/2; electric field energy density, Omega e= epsilon 0E2/2 18.: the size of the magnetic induction intensity, B=Fmax/qv (T); the direction of small needle point (S, N). Laws and theorems 1. vector superposition principle: any vector can be regarded as the sum of its ind