刘蕴红-电工学英汉双语电子教案Chapter 4.pptVIP

Chapter 4 Electricity Supply and Utilization 第 4 章 供电与用电 4.1 Three-Phase Source  三相电源 4.2 Three-Phase Load 三相负载 4.3 Three-Phase Power 三相功率 Suitable for 3-phase 4-wire system grounding neutral. 改成 Suitable for 3-phase 4-wire system with grounding neutral. [Solution] P = P1 + P2 = 111 kW Q = Q1 + Q2 = P1 tan ? 1 + P2 tan ? 2 = 27 kvar S = √P 2 + Q 2 Il = = 173 A S √3 Ul = 114 kV·A R R R L2 L3 L1 Z Z Z IL1 IL12 IL11 *4.4 Power System 电力系统 Hydro-power plant 水力发电 Appliance 1 用电设备1 Transformer substation 变电站 Transmission lines 输电线 Distribution equipment 配电设备 Thermal-power plant 火力发电 Nuclear power plant 核电发电 Appliance 2 用电设备2 Other power plants 其他发电 The ways to transmit electric energy 输电方式 AC transmission ：The longer the distance and the larger the power you want to transmit , the higher the voltage will be. At higher voltage, the current is reduced thus voltage drop and the line losses are also reduced. HVDC transmission： HVDC system has lower line resistance than AC system and it doesn’t introduce a reactance in the line. thus it will have lower line losses and voltage drop will also be reduced. Applicable to high-power, long-distance transmission。 交流输电：输电距离越远，输送功率越大， 要求的输电电压就越高。 直流输电：输电线路的功率损耗小，电压降小， 适用于大功率、长距离输电。 380 V 220 V 6 kV 10 kV 110 kV、220 kV、500 kV Electric energy 电能 Load 负载 Step up Transformer 升压变压器 Step down Transformer 降压变压器 10 kV Low voltage power system 低压供电系统的接线方式 Radial type: High reliability, large amount of wire, high cost. 放射式：可靠性高，导线用量大，费用高。 Tree type：树干式 Switch box 变电箱 Transformer Substation 变电所 Switch box 变电箱 Transformer Substation 变电所 Switch box 变电箱 Switch box 变电箱 Switch box 变电箱 Switch box 变电箱 Switch box 变电箱 4.5 Electric Shock Accident 触电事故 I. Damage to the human body 电流对人体的危害 Nerve and muscle functions will be distorted. 引起神经功能和肌肉功能紊乱。 Cells will be destroyed through electrolysis.