临床医学常用计算公式（Common formulas for clinical medicine）.doc

临床医学常用计算公式（Common formulas for clinical medicine） Common formulas for clinical medicine I. fluid replacement Fluid replacement principle: first fast, slow, first gum after crystal, first thick after shallow, first salt after sugar, see urine make up potassium, lack what complement what. (Note: when the shock, the first crystal after glue) Infusion volume, =1/2 cumulative loss + daily loss + normal daily requirement. Rough calculation of fluid infusion = urine volume + 500ml. If the patients with fever 300ml * n 1. potassium supplementation: The principle of potassium supplementation: (1) potassium supplementation is safer than oral administration. The speed of supplying potassium should not be fast. Usually less than 20 mmol/h. The concentration is generally 1000ml, and no more than 3G in liquid. Urine potassium supplementation. The amount of urine is 30ml/h. The total content of potassium in the extracellular fluid is only about 60mmol, and the input can not be too fast, and must see the urine potassium supplement. Low potassium is not suitable for sugar, because glycolysis consumes potassium. 100g sugar = 2.8g potassium depletion. Mild potassium 3 - 3.5mmol/L, the amount of potassium was 6 8g - tianbu. Moderate K 2.5 - 3.0mmol/l, the amount of potassium was 8 12g - tianbu. Severe potassium deficiency is less than 2.5 mmol/l, the amount of potassium was 12 18G - tianbu. 2. sodium supplementation: when serum sodium is less than 130 mmol/L, fluid replacement occurs. According to the total amount of 1 / 3 - 1 / 2 supplement. Formula: Patients with Na + (mmol) =[142- should be given Na + (mmol/L), * * weight (kg) * 0.6, female 0.5 Normal saline = [142-, blood Na + (mmol/L)] * body weight (kg) * 3.5, female 3.3 Sodium chloride =[142- patient blood Na + (mmol/L)] * weight (kg) * 0.035 0.03 for women Or = weight (kg) of patients with 142 Na * (mmol/L) * 0.6: female 0.5 / 17 3. determination of infusion speed Per hour input (ML) = drops per minute * 4 The number of dr