第3章 板块构造.pdf

Chapter 03 - Plate Tectonics Chapter 03 Plate Tectonics True / False Questions 判断题： 1. Earths inner core is liquid whereas its outer core is solid. 1. 地球内核是液态而外核是固态。 FALSE 2. The refraction and shadow patterns of seismic P-waves and S-waves indicate the dimensions and properties of Earths layers. 2. 地震纵波和横波的折射和阴影带表明地层的厚度和属性。 TRUE 3. Shear waves do not pass through a solid liquid boundary between Earths layers. Compressional waves can pass this type of boundary. 3. 剪切波不能穿透地层间的固-液边界，压缩波则能从这种边界穿透。 TRUE 4. Oceanic-type crust is more dense than continental-type crust. 4. 海洋性地壳密度比大陆性地壳大。 TRUE 5. The continental landmasses are less dense than the mantle and are buoyed up by depressing the underlying mantle. 5. 大陆陆地密度比地幔低,并通过挤压下面的地幔得到抬升。 TRUE 6. The midocean ridges and rises are spreading centers where new oceanic crust is created. 6. 洋中脊和海隆是新大洋地壳产生的扩张中心。 TRUE 7. The thickness of deep-sea sediments increases with distance from a spreading center. 7.深海沉积物的厚度随其与扩张中心的距离增加。 TRUE 8. The largest lithospheric plate is the Pacific plate. 8. 最大的岩石圈板块是太平洋板块。 TRUE 3-1 Chapter 03 - Plate Tectonics 9. The edge of an active continental margin bordered by a deep-sea trench is wide and shallow with deep deposits of land-derived sediments. 9. 活动型大陆边缘与深海海沟相连，其边缘宽而浅，具有深厚的陆源沉积物。 FALSE 10. Volcanic activity associated with subduction zones is more gentle and less explosive than volcanic activity associated with hot spots and midocean ridges. 10. 与俯冲带相关的火山活动比与热点和洋中脊相关的火山活动更温和且较少爆发。 FALSE 11. The steeper profile of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge compared to the East Pacific Rise indicates that the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is the faster spreading center. 11. 大西洋中脊比东太平洋海隆具有更陡峭的坡度，表明大西洋中脊扩张得更快。 FALSE 12. The age of the seamounts from Hawaii to Midway Island increases in age from east to west.