专业英语第一篇文章翻译.pdf

Historical Development of Matertials and Technology The common engineering materials include metals, cementing materials, concrete building stones, clay products, insulating materials, timber. Some of them are described here from the stand-point of occurrence, manufacture, properties, methods of testing, and use. The development of materials with improved properties is a vital phase of engineering. Progress in engineering construction has been dependent on the availability of materials of suitable physical properties in large quantities; for example, the development of the modern automobile was critically dependent on availability of high quality alloy steels, and the all-metal airplane was made possible by the development of light weight high-strength alloys. Phase: 相；阶段。 a distinct period or stage in a process of change or forming part of somethings development Example ： phase two of the development is in progress. 第二阶段开发正在进行中。  Vital: 必要的，必不可少的。 it is vital that the system is regularly maintained.这个系统有必要 经常维修。 翻译： 常用工程材料包括金属、胶合材料、混凝土建筑石料、粘土产品、绝缘材料、 木料。对其中的一些在这儿从出现、制造、性质、检验方法和用途等方面加以描 述。具有改进性能材料的发展是工程上一个至关重要的发展过程。工程建筑上的 进步一直以来依赖于具有合适物理特性材料的大量供应，例如，现代汽车工业严 重依赖于高品质的合金钢的可用性，而轻质高强度合金的发展使全金属飞机的成 为可能。 It can be said that The history of materials is the history of man. Of course, the reverse can be stated:The history of man is the history of materials. It is said that New materials are a prerequisite for new technologies. Again the reverse is true. Furthermore, it is true that technology influences man and vice versa. From this viewpoint the question of pre-eminence among the three partners, man, materials and technology is an intellectual game: a controversy of the chicken and the egg type. reverse 相反，相对。文中作名词用