铁路油罐车潜油泵卸油工艺优化.docx

铁路油罐车潜油泵卸油工艺优化王纪新，于浩，徐玉朋*(浙江海洋学院石化与能源工程学院，浙江 舟山 316022)[摘 要]在我国油品运输中铁路油罐车卸油工艺仍然存在，而由于种种原因，我国目前为止，还在使用上部卸油工艺。轻油存在密度低，易 挥发的特点，鹤管虹吸管路通常处于负压工作状态，当管路某一点的剩余压力小于油品操作温度下的饱和蒸气压时，油品便大量汽化，造成不 连续流或断流现象，这就是气阻。故此工艺在夏季高温或地处高原低气压地区卸油时，易有气阻及气蚀情况出现。气阻产生后，不仅延长接卸 时间，增大油品挥发损耗，严重时导致断流而无法卸油。而气蚀会对仪器造成一定程度的损坏。目前国内油库大多数火车卸油系统采用转子泵 卸油、气动潜油泵输送、液动潜油泵输送，电动潜油泵输送。现在对几种卸油工艺进行优缺点的比较和分析，讨论较为合适的卸油工艺。[关键词]气阻；电动潜油泵；气动潜油泵；液动潜油泵；油罐车卸油[中图分类号]TE[文献标识码]A[文章编号]1007-1865(2014)01-0136-02Submersible Pump Railroad Tanker Unloading Process OptimizationWang Jixin, Yu Hao, Xu Yupeng*(Zhejiang Ocean University Petrochemical and Energy Engineering, Zhoushan 316022, China)Abstract: In China railway transport oil tanker unloading process still exists, but due to various reasons, China so far, still using the upper part of the unloading process. There is a low -density gas oil, volatile characteristics, siphon tube path generally crane operation state in a vacuum, at a point when the line pressure is less than the saturated vapor pressure of the residual oil at the operating temperature, has a large oil vaporization caused no continuous flow or stop the phenomenon, which is vapor lock. Therefore, the process in the summer heat or located in the plateau area of low pressure unloading, tend to have a vapor lock and cavitation situation. After generating air resistance, not only to extend the loading and unloading time, increasing the loss of volatile oil, leading to serious and can not stop unloading. The cavitation will cause some degree of damage to the instrument. At present, most of the train depot unloading unloading system uses rotary pump, submersible pump pneumatic conveying, hydraulic submersible pump transmission, electric submersible pump delivery. Several unloading process now to compare and analyze the advantages and disadvantages are discussed more appropriate unloading process.Keywords: air resistance；electric submersible pump；submersible pump；hydraulic pneumatic submersible pump；tanker unloading1 铁路油罐车卸油工