第 四章湍流2012.ppt

第四章 湍流 The importance of DNS Understanding of turbulence; Assessment of theories; Calibration of the constants in turbulence models. Smagorinsky (1963) Now it is in the main stream of turbulence simulation. Averaging → Filter Reynolds stress→ Subgrid Reynolds stress 2, Fully-developed turbulent flow over a backward- facing step 3,Fully-developed turbulent flow in an axially rotating pipe The tangential velocity profile Axial velocity profile 4, Rotating channel flow No rotation, Rotation, Rossby number = 0.5 5, swirling turbulent flow in  a combustion chamber Modelling of turbulence is the neck of a bottle in the development of the computational fluid dynamics. It is very important for the computation of turbulent flow to choose a turbulence model with good performance. S-A model (Spalart- Almalars model) is a very popular one-equation model. 评估的双方程模式 Chien(1982) k-? CH Jones Launder(1972) k-? JL Wilcox(1991) k-? Yang Shih(1991) k-? YS CMOTT(Center for Modeling of Turbulence and Transition, Shih Liou, 1995) k-? Shih(1999) k-? SHIH SST(Shear Stress Transportation) k-?/k-? SST TS(Two-Scale) k-? TS Benchmark flows 2-D compression corner ( M=2.84) 2-D compression corner (M=9.22) Ogive-cylinder-flare flows (M=7.05) Axisymmetric impinging shock (M=6.86) Oblique shock-wave/turbulent boundary-layer interaction (M=2.89) Turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate (M=2.25) Turbulent boundary layer around a circular cone(M=9.26) Supersonic combustion Surface pressure of 2-D compression corner M=2.84 Skin friction of 2-D compression corner M=2.84 Surface pressure of 2-D compression corner, M=9.22 ?=20 Surface Heat Transfer of 2-D compre