基于CATIA的货车离合器与变速器设计.doc

摘 要 本设计的任务是设计一台用于货车上的离合器和手动变速器。本设计采用摩擦离合器和中间轴式变速器。 离合器装在发动机与变速器之间，汽车从启动到行驶的整个过程中，经常需要使用离合器。它的作用是使发动机与变速器之间能逐渐接合，从而保证汽车平稳起步；暂时切断发动机与变速器之间的联系，以便于换档和减少换档时的冲击；当汽车紧急制动时能起分离作用，防止变速器等传动系统过载，起到一定的保护作用。 所设计的离合器是膜片弹簧离合器，此设计说明书详细的说明了轻型汽车膜片弹簧离合器的结构形式，参数选择以及计算过程，按照离合器系统的设计步骤和要求，对摩擦片外径的确定，离合器后备系数的确定，单位压力的确定,以及从动盘设计包括从动片设计和从动盘毂设计，主动部分的设计，包括压盘、离合器盖设计、弹性传动片设计，其中离合器盖的设计只是简单的设计，操纵机构的设计是大体上计算出踏板的行程、踏板力，是否符合人体工程学要求。 根据轿车的外形、轮距、轴距、最小离地间隙、最小转弯半径、车辆重量、满载重量以及最高车速等参数,结合自己选择的适合于该货车的发动机型号可以得出发动机的最大功率、最大扭矩、排量等重要的参数。再结合某些货车的基本参数，选择适当的主减速比。 本次设计的汽车变速箱主要是从强度方面来对齿轮的尺寸计算及校核，轴的尺寸计算和位置的确定，选择设计满足其承载能力的同步器。另外，针对齿轮作用力的不同，在不同的轴上选择合适的轴承。利用软件CATIA完成变速器总成图、第一轴、第二轴、中间轴、各个挡齿轮及同步器的设计。 关键词：离合器；膜片弹簧；摩擦片；变速器；传动比；中间轴；设计；CATIA ABSTRACT The aim of this design is to design a clutch and a manual transmission used in the truck, It’s the countershaft-type transmission gearbox. The coupling installs between the engine and the transmission gearbox, the automobile from the start to the travel entire process, needs to use the coupling frequently. Shuts off between the engine and transmission gearboxs relation temporarily, is advantageous shifts gears and reduces shifts gears the time impact. The clutch designed is diaphragm spring clutch, the design manual detailed the process of the diaphragm spring clutch designing of light vehicle structure, including parameter selection and calculation process, the determination of friction plate diameter, back-up clutch coefficient determination unit to determine the pressure, as well as the follower plate follower piece design includes the design and the design of the driven wheel disc, part of the design of the initiative, including the pressure plate, Clutch cover design, flexible drive chip design, which covered the design of the clutch is a simple design, is designed to manipulate the whole body out of the trip pedal, pedal power, with the ergonomic requirements. reverse the shock absorber of the coil spring design. According to the contour, track,wheel base, the all-up weight as