四川芦山地震灾害调查和灾后重建相关问题研究.docVIP

四川芦山地震灾害调查和灾后重建相关问题研究 　　摘 要：2013年4月20日四川省芦山县发生Ms7.0级地震，发震断层为龙门山前山断裂，即大川—双石断裂。这是继2008年汶川地震后发生在龙门山断裂带的又一次强震。自4月25日起，笔者先后3次前往地震灾区进行地震灾害调查。本文小结主要的地震灾害情况，并简要讨论了灾后重建可能面临的问题。结果表明：相对于汶川地震，芦山地震的灾害相对较轻；沿发震断裂未发现明显的地表破裂带；崩塌滑坡的总体规模较小，也未出现明显的堰塞湖；滑坡点主要沿发震断层分布，岩性以三叠系上统须家河组地层为主；崩塌点主要出现在河流的峡谷段，岩性以砾岩为主，少量为侵入岩；建筑物损坏严重的基本上为砖木结构以及无圈梁或构造柱的砖混结构民居；灾后重建面临的主要地质灾害问题是主要公路的崩塌灾害以及宝兴县城的泥石流防治。 关键词：芦山地震；地震灾害；崩塌；滑坡；房屋震损；灾后重建；泥石流 中图分类号：P315.9；P694 文献标志码：A Investigation of Lushan Earthquake Disasters and Analysis of Related Problems During Postquake Reconstruction in Sichuan XIE Heping， DENG Jianhui， LI Bixiong （State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering， Sichuan University， Chengdu 610065， Sichuan， China） Abstract： In April 20， 2013， a strong earthquake measured Ms 70 hitted Lushan county， Sichuan province， which was induced by Longmenshan front fault， i.e. DachuanShuangshi fault. It was the second large earthquake occurred along Longmenshan fault zone since Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. From April 25 on， the authors made three field visits to the quakehit area. The disasters were summarized， and the potential problems during postquake reconstruction were discussed. The results showed that compared with Wenchuan earthquake， the quakeinduced disasters were lighter； no obvious surface ruptures were ever witnessed along the quakeinducing fault； both landslide and rockfall happened in small scale， so no large barrier lake was ever formed； landslide distributed along the seismogenic fault， and the rock types were Xujiahe Formation of Upper Triassic； rockfall appeared mainly in the gorge segment of rivers， and the rock types were mainly conglomerate and secondly intrusive rock； severe building damages were mainly brickwood structured residential housings or brickconcretestructured ones without constructional columns or ring beams； the major geohazard problems during postquake reconstruction were rockfalls along major roads and debris flow in Baxing county town.