多层滑脱条件下褶皱—冲断带形成制约因素探究-以川东—雪峰构造带为例.docVIP

多层滑脱条件下褶皱—冲断带形成制约因素探究:以川东—雪峰构造带为例 　　摘 要：为了研究滑脱层性质对多层滑脱变形系统构造样式及演化过程的影响，设计了3组剖面模型，针对滑脱层流变学性质及其深度对上覆地层构造变形的影响进行物理模拟研究，并结合川东—雪峰构造带褶皱冲断带实际地质条件进行对比分析。结果表明：滑脱层流变学性质影响上覆地层应变调节方向；水平累积性收缩滑脱层控制下的地层变形具有较大水平应变分量，使得应力快速、大范围传递，形成宽缓的褶皱冲断带；高流变性滑脱层控制下的地层变形具有显著的垂向运动，形成的褶皱冲断带狭窄且具有较大锥度；滑脱层深度影响上覆地层褶皱的波长，深层滑脱形成大波长褶皱，紧密排列组合成隔槽式褶皱；浅层滑脱易形成高陡背斜，稀疏分布组合成隔挡式褶皱；川东—雪峰构造带不同区域沉积盖层厚度、滑脱层数量、滑脱深度的差异及南东—北西向挤压应力是形成该区隔挡式、隔槽式褶皱的主控因素。 关键词：多层滑脱；隔挡式褶皱；隔槽式褶皱；褶皱波长；构造演化；形成机制；物理模拟 中图分类号：P542 文献标志码：A Study on Restrictive Factor of Foldthrust Belt Formation with Multiple Decollements：Taking Eastern SichuanXuefeng Tectonic Belt as an Example LIU Chongqing， ZHOU Jianxun， LANG Jian （State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting， China University of Petroleum， Beijing 102249， China） Abstract： In order to study the impact of properties of decollement layer on the tectonic style and evolution of multiple decollements system， three sets of crosssectional model were designed， and the impacts of rheological property and depth of decollement on the tectonic deformation of overlying strata were physically simulated， and the simulation result was contrasted with the geological condition of foldthrust belt in the eastern SichuanXuefeng tectonic belt. The results showed that the rheological properties of decollement layer affected the direction of strain adjustment of overlying strata； the strata deformation under the influence of horizontal cumulative contraction decollement layer had more horizontal components of strain， so that the stress transmitted rapidly and widely， and the wide and gentle foldthrust belt developed； the direction of strata deformation under the influence of high rheological decollement layer was significant vertical movement， and the narrow foldthrust belt developed with large taper angle； the depth of decollement layer controlled the wavelength of overlying strata fold， the fold with large wavelength controlled by deep decollement distributed tightly and developed as tr