《Quantum Strips on Surfaces》青少年教育丛书.pdfVIP

Quantum Strips on Surfaces ∗ David Krejˇciˇr´ık † Laboratoire de Math´ematiques, Universit´e de Reims, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51 687 Reims cedex 2, France E-mail: david.krejcirik@univ-reims.fr Abstract Motivated by the theory of quantum waveguides, we investigate the spec- trum of the Laplacian, subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions, in a curved strip of constant width that is defined as a tubular neighbourhood of an infinite curve in a two-dimensional Riemannian manifold. Under the assumption that the strip is asymptotically straight in a suitable sense, we localise the essential spectrum and find sufficient conditions which guaran- tee the existence of geometrically induced bound states. In particular, the discrete spectrum exists for non-negatively curved strips which are stud- ied in detail. The general results are used to recover and revisit the known facts about quantum strips in the plane. As an example of non-positively curved quantum strips, we consider strips on ruled surfaces. 1 Introduction The theory of quantum waveguides constitutes a beautiful domain of mathe- matical physics in which one meets an interesting interaction of analysis and geometry. Recall that the configuration space Ω of a waveguide is usually mod- d elled by tubular neighbourhoods of infinite curves in R , d = 2, 3 (quantum strips, tubes), or surfaces in R3 (quantum layers), while the dynamics is gov- erned by the Laplace operator with Dirichlet boundary conditions. It is due to an admirable progress of mesoscopis physics that such models do really repre- sent actual nanostructures w