基于USB的数据采集系统的硬件设计及实现.docVIP

基于USB的数据采集系统的硬件设计及实现 测控技术与通信工程学院 侯泽龙 指导教师 刘卓夫 【摘 要】 随着现代工业领域对数据采集的要求越来越高，传统的以采用数据采集卡为主的方法由于传输速度慢、安装麻烦、抗干扰能力差等很多问题已难以适应如今数据采集的要求。通用串行总线USB具有传输速度快、支持热插拔及传输线少等优点，因此将USB应用于数据采集系统可以很好的解决传统数据采集系统的不足，具有广泛的应用价值。本文针对高速数据采集系统的需要，设计了基于USB的数据采集系统。系统设计工作包括硬件设计和软件测试设计两部分，硬件部分选用了STC公司的单片机STC12C5410AD作为微控制器，其内置有8路10位精度的ADC，可直接用来通过A/D转换得到数字量数据，而无需外加A/D转换器。然后通过PL2303电平转换实现单片机与PC机之间的USB数据通信使得单片机可作为USB设备被PC机识别，从而可以将采集的数据通过USB数据线传输给PC机。本系统设计的主要工作难点是测试软件的设计及硬件的调试。测试软件包括串口测试程序、A/D采集程序，其都利用KeilC软件开发。硬件测试包括通信、采集、A/D转换及与PC机的通信。PC机上可通过串口测试程序显示出采集数据的十六进制A/D转换结果。本文最后通过对系统的测试，并且显示出了转换结果。实践证明，本系统已初步取得成功，可以实现数据采集功能。 【关键词】　数据采集；USB；单片机；测试程序 【Abstract】As there are increasing demand for data acquisition equipment in modern industry field, the traditional method which is mainly based on data acquisition card has not adapted to the high requirement of modern data acquisition because of the low transmission speed, inconvenient installation, weak ability of anti- jamming and other problems. USB (Universal Serial Bus) has many advantages, such as high transmission speed, sustaining hot plug and few transmission lines. So the application of USB in data acquisition system can be the solution of the deficiency of traditional data acquisition system, and it will have widely application value. Aiming to the need of high speed data acquisition system, we design a data acquisition system based on USB in the paper. The design work of this system consists of hardware design and test software design. In hardware design, the STC12C5410AD chip manufactured by STC company is applied as microcontroller, which has been incorporated 8 ADCs that each has 10 bits resolution. So it can transfer analog data into digital data through the internal A/D converter and do not require external one. Meanwhile, the PL2303 voltage converter can realize the USB data communication between MCU and PC so that the MCU can be identified as USB slave device by the host PC, and the acquired data can be transmitted to PC by US