关于体育制度创新路径思索.docVIP

关于体育制度创新路径思索 摘 要：中国建立社会主义市场经济体制的过程中，充分体现了中国政府对这一制度选择的胆量和勇气。同时，我们也明显感觉到，在体制转换过程中充满了盘根错节的矛盾，其中重要原因之一就是对原有的计划经济体制的“路径依赖”，也就是说计划经济对我国社会经济的各个方面还存在不同程度地影响，从而制约着体制的创新。为摆脱旧体制的束缚，构建与市场经济相适应的体育制度结构体系，需要突破对原有制度的“锁定”状态，探索体育制度创新的路径。这些路径包括政府主导型的体育制度创新；社会主导型的体育制度创新；政府与社会互补型的体育制度创新。 关键词：制度；创新； 路径依赖 中图分类号：G812.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007-3612(2008)08-1035-03 On the Innovation Path of Sports Institution JIN Yu-qiang1, HU Ke1, FENG Wei1, HUANG Yu-zhen2 (1. Sports College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, Hunan China; 2. Department of Physical Education, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410076, Hunan China) Abstract:During the establishment of China’s socialism market economy system, Chinese government has fully manifested the guts and the courage on selecting this system. At the same time, we also obviously feel there has been full of the complicated contradiction in the process of institution transition. One important reason is “path dependence” on the original planned economy institution, in other words, the planned economy has also influenced each aspect of China’s social economy at the various degrees, which is restraining the innovation of sports institution. In order to get rid of the fetter of old institution and construct sports institution structure system which adapts to the marketing economy, breaking through the lock of the original institution and searching the innovation way of sports institution are needed. These ways includes innovation of government-oriented sports institution, social-oriented sports institution, supplementary of governmental and social sports institution. Key words: institution; innovation; path dependence 路径依赖是制度经济学的一个重要概念，它指一个具有正反馈机制的体系，一旦外部偶然性事件的影响下被系统所采纳，便会沿着一定的路径发展演进，而很难为其他潜在的甚至更优的体系所取代；它揭示了一种普遍的社会规律：当某种体制长期实行后，人们的思想观念和行为方式将自然而然地对其产生依赖，并进而不断强化这种“路径”。 路径依赖反映了一种初始确定的制度会对制度变迁过程产生某种惯性。即“今天的选择受历史因素的影响”。路径依赖是理解制度变迁的关键，进行制度选择与创新一定要考虑和顾及政治经济环境、文化传统、意识形态和制度创新知识积累等对制度变迁带有根本性制约作用的因素。 1 体育制度变迁