基于grapes数值模拟的城市绿地空间布局对局地微气候影响研究--以广州为例 a study on the local climate effects of green space layout based on the numerical simulation of grapescase of guangzhou.pdfVIP

风景园林研究前沿 The Frontiers of Landscape Architecture Research / 南方建筑 / South Architecture 2014.3 基于 GRAPES 数值模拟的城市绿地空间布局 对局地微气候影响研究 * —— 以广州为例 A Study on the Local Climate Effects of Green Space Layout Based on the Numerical Simulation of GRAPES: Case of Guangzhou 1 2 ３ 冯娴慧 　高克昌 　钟水新 Feng Xianhui　Gao Kechang　Zhong Shuixin 摘要　为研究城市绿地布局对所在城市区域的局地气候的影响效应，采用华南中尺度区域模式 GRAPES 大气模拟方法， 在 ArcGIS10.0 和 ERDAS9.2 平台上进行地形与城市土地利用空间数据的转换，使其接入 GRAPES 大气模拟界面进行 局地气候模拟试验。试验结果表明，城市绿地空间分布对局地风场的形成影响显著，并与其分布紧密相关，城市绿地 能够与周围建成区之间形成局地风场的圈层效应，强化周边区域的风速，利于空气污染的稀释。试验结果还表明，城 市绿地空间分布对温度场的空间分布影响微弱。据此分析，城市绿地的空间布局规划应当考虑其对城市局地风场形成 的影响，通过一定规模面积的绿地布局能够增强城市气流输送，并激发城市中尺度次级环流，进而改善周围环境温度， 对局地气候产生积极影响。因此，基于局地气候改善的优化绿地布局方式是保留并建设位于城市上风向的大规模氧源 绿地，同时在城市一定范围区域内，集中布局面积不小于 70ha 的绿地，而非进行点小面广的星星点点式布局。 关键词　城市绿地系统；城市绿地；城市微气候；局地微气候；大气数值模拟 aBsTracT　For the study on the local climate effects of green space layout, this paper adopts the GRAPES method, a mesoscale atmospheric simulation model of south China. The simulation experiment was carried out in ArcGIS10.0 and ERDAS9.2 platform which topography and urban land use spatial data had been conversed to GRAPES interface. The test results show that the spatial distribution of urban green space has significant effects on the formation and distribution of urban local wind field, but less impact on that of temperature field. Meanwhile, the circle layers effects of local wind field can be formed between urban green spaces and surrounding built area, which can strengthen the wind speed and air flow，hence is advantageous to the dilution of air pollution. Therefore, the spatial planning of urban green space shall take into consideration about its influence on urban wind field. Through the layout of the green space, the secondary wind circulation and the